An oxidation reaction is an electrochemical reaction that produces electrons.During charge, the positive electrode is an anode, and the negative electrode is a cathode.During discharge, the positive electrode is a cathode, and the negative electrode is an anode.The positive electrode is the electrode with a higher potential than the negative electrode.When naming the electrodes, it is better to refer to the positive electrode and the negative electrode.In a battery, on the same electrode, both reactions can occur, whether the battery is discharging or charging.A cathode is an electrode where a reduction reaction occurs (gain of electrons for the electroactive species).An anode is an electrode where an oxidation reaction occurs (loss of electrons for the electroactive species).The purpose of this article is to clarify and clearly define these different terms. The terms anode, cathode, positive and negative are not synonymous, they can sometimes be confused, which can lead to errors.
Consequently the terms anode, cathode, positive and negative have all gained increasing visibility.Īrticles on new battery electrodes often use the names anode and cathode without specifying whether the battery is discharging or charging. This work helped lead to the 2019 Nobel Chemistry Prize being awarded for the development of Lithium-Ion batteries. Significant developments have been made in the field of rechargeable batteries (sometimes referred to as secondary cells) and much of this work can be attributed to the development of electric vehicles. Anodes, cathodes, positive and negative electrodes: a definition of terms
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